aws常用命令

EC2

  1. 挂载 EBS
    • linux
      • 查看块设备： lsblk
      • 格式化磁盘： sudo mkfs -t ext4 /dev/xvdb
      • 挂载卷： sudo mount /dev/xvdb /mnt/mydir
      • 卸载卷： sudo umount /dev/xvdb
    • windows
      • diskpart
      • san policy=onlineall
      • list disk
      • disk yourdiskid
      • attributes disk clear readonly
      • online disk
  2. 实例操作
    • aws ec2 describe-instances
    • aws ec2 describe-instances --instance-ids "instanceid1" "instanceid2"
    • aws ec2 start-instances --instance-ids "instanceid1" "instanceid2"
    • aws ec2 stop-intances --instance-ids "instanceid1" "instanceid2"
    • aws ec2 run-instances --image-id ami-b6b62b8f --security-group-ids sg-xxxxxxxx --key-name mytestkey --block-device-mappings "[{"DeviceName": "/dev/sdh","Ebs":{"VolumeSize":100}}]" --instance-type t2.medium --count 1 --subnet-id subnet-e8330c9c --associate-public-ip-address (Note: 若不指定subnet-id则会在默认vpc中去选，此时若指定了非默认vpc的安全组会出现请求错误。如无特殊要求，建议安全组和子网都不指定，就不会出现这种问题。)
  3. 查看region与AZ
    • aws ec2 describe-region
    • aws ec2 describe-availability-zones --region region-name
  4. 查看实例元数据和用户数据
    • curl http://192.168.253.124/latest/meta-data／
    • curl http://192.168.253.124/latest/user-data／
  5. 查看ami
    • aws ec2 describe-images
  6. key-pair
    • aws ec2 create-key-pair --key-name mykeyname
  7. 安全组
    • aws ec2 create-security-group --group-name mygroupname --description mydescription --vpc-id vpc-id(若不指定vpc，则在默认vpc中创建安全组)
    • aws ec2 authorize-security-group-ingress --group-id sg-xxxxyyyy --protocol tcp --port 22 --cidr 0.0.0.0/0
    • aws ec2 authorize-security-group-ingress --group-id sg-xxxxyyyy --protocol tcp --port 9999 --source-group sg-xxxxxxxx

AutoScaling

  1. 列出AS组
    • aws autoscaling describe-auto-scaling-groups
  2. 列出AS实例
    • aws autoscaling describe-auto-scaling-instances --instance-ids [instance-id-1 instance-id-2 ...]
  3. 从组中分离实例
    • aws autoscaling detach-instances --auto-scaling-group-name myasgroup --instance-ids instanceid1 instanceid2 [--should-decrement-desired-capacity|--no-should-decrement-desired-capacity]
  4. 附加实例到组
    • aws autoscaling attach-instances --auto-scaling-group-name myasgroup --instance-ids instanceid1 instanceid2
  5. 挂起AS流程
    • aws autoscaling suspend-process --auto-scaling-group-name myasgroup --scaling-processes AZRebalance|AlarmNotification|...
  6. 删除AS组
    • aws autoscaling delete-auto-scaling-group --auto-scaling-group-name myasgroup

S3

  1. 查看

    • aws s3 ls
    • aws s3 ls s3://bucket
    • aws s3 ls s3://bucket/prefix

  2. 拷贝

    • aws s3 cp /to/local/path s3://bucket/prefix
    • aws s3 cp s3://bucket/prefix /to/local/path
    • aws s3 cp s3://bucket1/prefix1 s3://bucket2/prefix2

  3. 同步

    • aws sync [--delete] /to/local/dir s3://bucket/prefixdir
    • aws sync [--delete] s3://bucket/prefixdir /to/local/dir
    • aws sync [--delete] s3://bucket1/prefixdir1 s3://bucket2/prefixdir2

  4. 手动分片上传

    • 文件分片

      • split -b 40m myfile myfile-part-

    • 创建分片上传任务

      • aws s3api create-multipart-upload --bucket bucketname --key prefix

    • 记录返回值

      {
    "Bucket": "bucketname", 
    "UploadId": "uploadeid", 
    "Key": "prefix"
}

    • 上传分片

      • aws s3api upload-part --bucket bucketname --key prefix --part-number [分片上传编号(e.g. 1,2,3...)] --body myfile-[x] --upload-id uploadid

    • 列出已上传分片，创建分片结构文件

      • aws s3api list-parts --bucket bucketname --key prefix --upload-id uploadid
      • 将上命令结果中的parts部分保存为 temp 文件 {"Parts": [ { "PartNumber": 1, "ETag": ""xxxxxxx"" }, { "PartNumber": 2, "ETag": ""xxxxxxxx"" } ] }

    • 结束分片上传任务

      • aws s3api complete-multipart-upload --multipart-upload file://temp --bucket bucketname --key prefix --upload-id uploadid

IAM

  1. Role 操作
    • aws iam create-role MY-ROLE-NAME --assum-role-policy-document file://path/to/trustpolicy.json
    • aws iam put-role-policy --role-name MY-ROLE-NAME --policy-name MY-PERM-POLICY --policy-document file://path/to/permissionpolicy.json
    • aws iam create-instance-profile --instance-profile-name MY-INSTANCE-PROFILE
    • aws iam add-role-to-instance-profile --instance-profile-name MY-INSTANCE-PROFILE --role-name MY-ROLE-NAME

AUTO-SCALING

  1. 查看信息
    • aws autoscaling describe-auto-scaling-groups
    • aws autoscaling describe-auto-scaling-instances

STS

  1. 代入ROLE的EC2实例的临时认证信息
    • curl http://169.254.169.254/latest/meta-data／iam/security-credentials/ROLE-NAME

kinesis

  1. 创建流
    • aws kinesis create-stream –stream-name mystream –shard-count
  2. 列出流
    • aws kinesis list-streams
  3. 获取指定流的分片迭代器
    • aws kinesis get-shard-iterator –stream-name mystream –shard-id shard-1 –shard-iterator-type TRIM_HORIZON
  4. 发送数据到流
    • aws kinesis put-record –stream-name mystream –partition-key mykey –data test
  5. 获取流数据
    • aws kinesis get-records –shard-iterator myiterator

创建一个Key，查看内容并生成pem文件。

aws ec2 create-key-pair --key-name MyCypayTestCalifornia --query 'KeyMaterial' --output text > MyTestCalifornia.pem

创建一个VPC安全组

aws ec2 create-security-group --group-name MyCATest --description MyCATest --vpc-id vpc-efxxxx8a

列举当前安全组名称和ID

aws ec2 describe-security-groups  --query SecurityGroups[*].[GroupName,GroupId,VpcId]

添加安全组规则

aws ec2 authorize-security-group-ingress --group-id sg-d1xxxxb4 --protocol tcp --port 22 --cidr 202.x.x.120/29  --protocol tcp --port 8080-8082 --cidr 10.10.0.0/16 --protocol tcp --port 80 --cidr 0.0.0.0/0

查看当前安全组规则

aws ec2 describe-security-groups --group-ids  sg-d1xxxxb4

创建实例

aws ec2 run-instances --image-id ami-7axxxx3f --count 1 --instance-type t1.micro --key-name MyTestCalifornia --security-group-ids sg-dxxxxbb4 --placement AvailabilityZone=us-west-1c --subnet-id subnet-5exxxx3b --block-device-mappings "[{"DeviceName": "/dev/sdf","Ebs":{"VolumeSize":100}}]" --user-data  "/sbin/mkfs.ext4 /dev/xvdf && /bin/mount /dev/xvdf /home"
##注释
--image-id 指定AMI ID
--key-name 可选，登录服务器用
--placement AvailabilityZone=us-west-1c  选择AZ，此项可选，有默认值
--block-device-mappings "[{"DeviceName": "/dev/sdf","Ebs":{"VolumeSize":100}}]"
再额外加100G的EBS磁盘，记得在powershell或者在CMD下双引号需要转义
如果size大于快照大小，需要开机后用resize2fs命令在线动态扩展文件系统
size小于快照中的大小则不生效，按照快照中的磁盘大小创建
--user-data  "/sbin/mkfs.ext4 /dev/xvdf && /bin/mount /dev/xvdf /home"  
指定开机初始化脚本，可用file://xxxx.sh 来指定网络或者本地文件

给实例打标签

aws ec2 create-tags --resources i-3xxxxb6d --tags Key=Name,Value=APITest Key=PROJECT,Value=cypay

创建个EIP

aws ec2 allocate-address --domain vpc
{
   "PublicIp": "54.x.x.12",
   "Domain": "vpc",
   "AllocationId": "eipalloc-axxxxxcd"
}

将VPC中的EIP与VPC中的实例关联

aws ec2 associate-address --instance-id i-3xxxxx6d --allocation-id eipalloc-afxxxx8cd

此时可以ssh链接自己的实例

ssh -i MyTestCalifornia.pem  ec2-user@54.x.x.12

列举出所有用户和他的AccessKey ID

aws iam list-users --query 'Users[*].[UserName,CreateDate,UserId]' --output table

列举出当前实例的相关信息

aws ec2 describe-instances --query 'Reservations[*].Instances[*].[InstanceId,  Placement.AvailabilityZone, State.Name,  InstanceType, PublicIpAddress, PrivateIpAddress, Tags[0].Value, Tags[1].Value]' --output text
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